Preventing and dealing with debt

Preventing and dealing with debt

We know it can be hard speaking to someone about money worries and debt. We've included this information on our website so you can:

  • Self-help using the information.
  • Understand what other support services are available to you.
  • Get dedicated one-to-one support from our Money Advice Team if you need more in-depth help*.

*As always, just tap here if you'd like to speak with someone from our Money Advice Team for more personalised support. We're here if you need us.

See our top tips for preventing debt

Make a budget:

List what money is coming in and going out. You'll be able to work out how much money you have for bills, debts and any money left over to save.

For more information on managing your money, creating a budget, or opening a bank account, tap here.

Contact us for one to one support:

Our Money Advice Team offer one to one support on all kinds of money matters, including preventing and dealing with debts.

For more information on all the ways our Money Advice Team can help and to see their contact details, tap here.

Double check where your money is going:

Check your bank and credit card statements on a regular basis to see where you money is being spent.

If you don’t keep track of spending, this can start to spiral out of control.

Shop around:

Make sure that you shop around to get the best deal on all your bills, especially insurance and utility bills.

We can help you look for better deals on energy. Just get in touch.

Decide which are your spending priorities:

When dealing with debt, make sure that priority bills are paid first.

Priority bills are bills or debts that can have serious consequences for you and your family if they are not paid.

Set yourself a weekly or monthly budget:

Once you know how you're spending on regular bills, food, and other costs, set yourself a weekly or monthly budget for how much you spend.

If something isn't in your budget, ask yourself whether you really need to buy it.

Make sure you're getting all the right income and benefits:

You can use an independent, free and anonymous benefits calculator to check what you could be entitled to. Just tap here for more information about online benefits calculators on the gov.uk website.

Our Money Advice Team can also complete a quick benefits calculation over the phone. For more information and contact details for our Money Advice Team, tap here.

Open a savings account:

Look to put away regular savings into an account. Even if it’s just a couple of pounds per week, it'll soon mount up.

We'd recommend a savings account with Hoot Credit Union if you're eligible. You can tap here for more information about saving with Hoot Credit Union on their website.

How do I work out which bills or debts to pay first?

It’s important to understand which bills to pay first, especially if you’re in debt.

While unsecured credit lenders like payday lenders may shout the loudest, rent, utility bills, and Council Tax should be paid first. These ensure you continue to have a home and heating.

If you're having problems paying your priority bills or debts, please remember that our Money Advice Team can provide expert advice, guidance, and reassurance. For more information and contact details for our Money Advice Team, tap here.


These are your priority bills/debts:

You should always pay your priority bills/debts first, as not paying them can lead to serious consequences for you and your family. Your priority bills/debts are:

  • Rent: not paying could result in you losing your home.
  • Council Tax: not paying could lead to fines, imprisonment, money taken direct from your wage or benefits, or a visit from bailiffs.
  • Certain payments ordered by the courts: not paying these could result in imprisonment, money taken direct from your wage or benefits, or a visit from bailiffs.
  • Gas and electricity bills: not paying could result in disconnection, money taken directly from your wage/benefits, County Court Judgement.
  • TV License: not paying could lead to a fine.
  • Court fines: not paying could lead to further fines, money taken directly from your wage/benefits, or a visit from bailiffs.
  • Secured loans: not paying could result in a County Court Judgement or the loss of goods.
  • Child maintenance: not paying could lead to fines, imprisonment, money taken directly from your wage/benefits, or visits from bailiffs.

These are classed as non-priority bills/debts:

The consequences of non-payment for non-priority bills/debts are less severe than priority bills/debts. Your non-priority bills/debts are:

  • Credit card debts.
  • Water rates arrears.
  • Bank overdrafts and loans.
  • Personal loans with finance companies.
  • Loans with loan sharks.
  • Money borrowed from friends and family.
  • Hire Purchase agreements (HP).
  • Unsecured bank and payday loans (these are loans that are not secured against your property).

Use these template letters and leaflets for your non-priority debts

These template letters can help when it comes to dealing with your non-priority debts:

Budget sheet:

Before you do anything, make sure that you have your budget sheet ready as this needs to be sent to your creditors when discussing any debts:

Budget-Sheet-[docx]-15KB

For more information on how to budget and manage your money, tap here.

Offer payment to creditors:

Use this letter to make an initial offer of payment to your creditors based on your available income:

Offer-payment-to-creditors-[docx]-18KB

Freeze interest letter:

Use this letter when a creditor refuses to freeze the interest or additional charges on your account:

Freeze-interest-letter-[docx]-18KB

Reconsider my offer letter:

Use this letter when a creditor has refused your initial offer of payment:

Reconsider-my-offer-letter-[docx]-18KB

Continue accepting my offer letter:

Use this letter if your situation has not improved to ask your creditors to keep accepting your current payment offer:

Continue-accepting-my-offer-letter-[docx]-18KB

Write off the debt letter:

Use this letter to ask your creditors if they would consider writing off your debt:

Write-off-the-debt-letter-[docx]-20KB

What are my options for dealing with debt?

Dealing with debt: your options (thumbnail image)

Wondering which options are available to help you pay off your debt? Download our factsheet below and we'll talk you through your options:

Debt-and-Money-Fact-Sheet-[pdf]-189KB

As always - if you'd like some help or have any further queries or questions, please get in touch with our Money Advice Team.

How do I deal with bailiffs, and what are my rights?

Having the bailiffs (also known as 'enforcement agents') at your door can be a stressful experience, especially if you don’t know your rights.

The rules around bailiff powers are complex and it’s vital you know what bailiffs can and can't do so you aren’t treated unfairly or unlawfully.

Please contact our Money Advice Team on 01204 328000 or tap here to visit the Citizens Advice website for more help and support on dealing with bailiffs.


Here are some important things to consider when dealing with bailiffs:

Don't panic:

You may still have time to deal with your debts before the bailiff comes to your house, as long as you act quickly.

Our Money Advice Team can help you to understand your rights, fees, and how to deal with debts. Just contact us for assistance.

Don't ignore the situation:

We've helped lots of customers to deal with bailiff issues. If you're struggling to pay or are worried, please contact us.

Breathing space:

You can tell the bailiff and the creditor if you're taking advice, and ask for breathing space to get advice.

It's worth letting them know, even though they don't have to agree to give you more time.

Know your rights:

It's important to know what the bailiffs you're dealing with are allowed to do, and we can help to explain this for you.

Just get in touch if you need support.

Entry:

If they haven't been inside your home before, most bailiffs — including those enforcing Council Tax — can only get in if you let them in.

Securing your property:

If a bailiff is able to enter your home through an open door or window, this is viewed as you letting them in. Make sure you keep doors and windows shut and locked at all times.

Don't engage:

You don't need to talk to the bailiff. Close your curtains, don't open the door, and instruct family members not to open the door to anyone they don't know. 

Please get in touch if you need any support or guidance from our Money Advice Team.

You can't be arrested:

You can't be arrested for refusing entry to a bailiff if they've not already been in and made a list of goods.

Forced entry:

Some bailiffs (such as those collecting unpaid fines issued by magistrates' courts or the Crown Court or for Income Tax, VAT, or National Insurance) may be allowed to force their way into your home, although they will hardly ever do this.

Fees:

The bailiffs might charge you fees for coming to your property and your debt could just get bigger if you ignore the fees.

If you let the bailiff in, or if they gain access to your goods, they can charge fees (and additional fees if they remove items).


You can also download a PDF copy of this list if you'd like to keep it handy:

Bailiffs-Factsheet-June-2022-[pdf]-138KB

Beware of loan sharks

Warning symbol

A loan shark is an illegal lender — someone who lends money without having a licence.

Loan sharks will often target low income and desperate families. They may seem friendly at first, but borrowing from them is never a good idea because they lend money illegally and can ruin lives.

Loan sharks don't just affect you; they affect families, children, and communities.


Breaking down the barriers:

Most people don't report loan sharks due to fear.  Loan sharks will say and do anything to keep you under their control, however, once you report them, you'll get one-to-one dedicated help and support. 

This document looks at breaking down the barriers and hopefully will provide reassurance if you do want to report a loan shark. You can also tap the tabs below for more information on how to spot and report loan sharks.

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How can I spot a loan shark?

A loan shark could be male, female, young or old, so it's not always easy to spot a loan shark by how they look. Here are some of the most common signs to look for:

Paperwork:

Offer little or no paperwork, such as a licence, credit agreement, or a record of payments.

Receipts:

Won't provide you with receipts or proof of payments.

Increase debt:

Increase the debt or add additional amounts to it without your permission.

Information:

Refuse to give information, such as the interest rate or how much you still owe.

Never ending debt:

Won't allow you to settle your debt.

Get nasty:

They may resort to intimidation, threats, or violence.

Crime:

Are often involved in petty or organised crime.

May suggest other forms of payment:

May involve you and your family in petty crime, for example:

  • Make you grow cannabis in your home.
  • Handling stolen goods.
  • Payment in kind/prostitution.

How can I report a loan shark?

If you've been approached by someone you think is a loan shark, you need to report them to the Illegal Money Lending Team. Contact the Police if you are in immediate danger.

The England Illegal Money Lending Team has a hotline that is open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year:

  • It's managed by investigators on a rota.
  • Calls can be made anonymously. You don't need to provide your name and address.
  • If you want to provide your details, a member of the Illegal Money Lending Team will provide one to one support for you and your family.
  • Calls are not recorded and are 100% confidential.
  • They offer an email and text service, too.
  • Prosecutions can be made without a witness statement.
  • You can report anything that you think is relevant — no matter how small the detail.

You can tap here to report a loan shark to the England Illegal Money Lending Team on the Stop Loan Sharks website.

You can also tap here to get more information on reporting loan sharks on the gov.uk website.

Loan sharks and the law

Although some loan sharks may resort to intimidation and even violence, they are not beyond the law. Any lender who harasses you — licensed or unlicensed — is breaking the law.

Some loan sharks will threaten you by saying you'll be prosecuted and even sent to prison if you don’t pay up. This can’t happen. An unlicensed lender has no legal right to recover the debt because the loan is illegal.

Please remember: if you've borrowed money from a loan shark, you've done nothing wrong. They are breaking the law, not you.

What should I do if I have money worries?

Do:


Don't:

  • Ignore debts. They will not go away and the longer you leave them, the worse they will get.
  • Panic. Friendly staff in our Money Advice Team provide a free, independent, and confidential service to help with money worries.
  • Take out more loans to pay off debts. Talk to us first.
  • Feel alone with your money problems. We're here to help, so please contact us.
  • Feel harassed or intimidated. You still have rights even though you owe money.

Be aware of high interest lenders:

Debt management companies, doorstep lenders, loan sharks, and high street money lenders all exist to make money from you. They will charge high interest rates and make charges for lending money. You can tap here for our guidance on how to prevent and deal with debts.

We understand people may need to borrow money sometimes. If you need a loan, we’d recommend a local credit union like Hoot – Bolton’s Credit Union. They offer low-cost loans at a fair rate of interest and help you save money for the future. Tap here for more information on Hoot Credit Union.


You can access advice and guidance on a range of money topics on our website: